First, it's important to understand what each type of eye care professional can do for you.

• An ophthalmologist diagnoses and treats eye diseases, prescribes medications, and performs surgery to improve or prevent the worsening of vision-related conditions. An ophthalmologist will have the initials "M. D." after his or her name.
• An optometrist diagnoses eye diseases and prescribes eyeglasses, contact lenses, low vision devices, vision therapy, and medications to treat eye diseases. An optometrist will have the initials "O. D." after his or her name.
• An orthoptist works under the direction of an ophthalmologist to evaluate and treat eye disorders with an emphasis on binocular vision (using both eyes to see) and eye movements; much of their work is with children.
• An optician fits eyeglasses and, in some states, contact lenses, analyzes and interprets prescriptions written by ophthalmologists or optometrists, and takes eye measurements to ensure that eyeglass prescriptions are correct and fit properly.

If you're experiencing significant vision loss, a low vision specialist can determine whether special optical and non-optical devices, improved lighting, or other types of specialized services and equipment can help.

This specialist can be either an ophthalmologist or optometrist who is trained to conduct low vision eye examinations and prescribe special low vision devices. During a low vision examination, it's helpful to ask the following questions:

• What is the cause of my vision loss?
• What is my visual acuity (central vision)?
• Do I have a peripheral (side) field loss?
• Is my condition stable, or can I lose more sight?
• How can I protect my remaining vision?
• Do I need any special medication?
• Do I qualify as "legally blind"? If so, what does "legally blind" actually mean?
• Am I entitled to any special services or benefits?
• What resources are available to help me?

To locate an eye care professional in your area who is right for you and your visual needs, try the following:

• Visit the American Academy of Ophthalmology website and use their "Find an Eye MD" online database to locate an ophthalmologist in your area.
• Visit the American Optometric Association website and use their "Dr. Locator" online database to locate an optometrist in your area.
• Ask for a recommendation from family members, friends, or your family doctor.
• Call your local hospitals and ask if they have outpatient ophthalmology departments.
• Check your health insurance plan for listings of approved eye care providers.
• In most cases, it is not recommended that you visit an optician for your initial exam and diagnosis.

If your vision loss can't be corrected and interferes with your everyday living, vision-related rehabilitation services can help maintain or restore your independent living skills.